Ecography 40, 913929 (2017). Moreover, these differences between nonlinear and linear models appear to come from an over-sensitivity of linear models to increasing ablation season air temperatures, when ice is exposed in a large fraction of glaciers. This enables the recalculation of every topographical predictor used for the MB model, thus updating the mean glacier altitude at which climate data for each glacier are retrieved. For intermediate and pessimistic climate scenarios, no significant differences were found (Fig. In the United States, glaciers can be found in the Rocky Mountains, the Sierra Nevada, the Cascades, and throughout Alaska. The mountain has three major peaks: Liberty Cap, Point Success, and Columbia Crest (the latter is the summit, located on the rim of the caldera). The source code of the glacier model can be freely accessed in the following repository: https://github.com/JordiBolibar/ALPGM. Alternatively, the Lasso MB model displayed an RMSE of 0.85m.w.e. Verfaillie, D., Dqu, M., Morin, S. & Lafaysse, M. The method ADAMONT v1.0 for statistical adjustment of climate projections applicable to energy balance land surface models. In our model, we specifically computed this parameterized function for each individual glacier larger than 0.5km2, representing 80% of the total glacierized area in 2015, using two DEMs covering the whole French Alps: a photogrammetric one in 1979 and a SPOT-5 one in 2011. The maximum downvalley position of the glacier is marked by either a Geophys. We previously demonstrated that this period is long enough to represent the secular trend of glacier dynamics in the region31. Several aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems depend on these water resources as well, which ensure a base runoff during the warmest or driest months of the year6. Additionally, glacier surface area was found to be a minor predictor in our MB models31. https://zenodo.org/record/5549758. Rackauckas, C. et al. Bolibar, J. ALPGM (ALpine Parameterized Glacier Model) v1.1. PDF Climate Change Glacier response to climate change Years in white in c-e indicate the disappearance of all glaciers in a given massif. 4 vs.S5). Interestingly, this matches the nonlinear, less sensitive response to summer snowfall in the ablation season of our deep learning model (Fig. Appl. MathSciNet A similar behaviour is observed when comparing temperature-index models to more complex models (e.g. The high spatial resolution enables a detailed representation of mountain weather patterns, which are often undermined by coarser resolution climate datasets. Predicting future glacier evolution is of paramount importance in order to correctly anticipate and mitigate the resulting environmental and social impacts. J.B. was supported by a NWO VIDI grant 016.Vidi.171.063. Both DEMs were resampled and aligned at a common spatial resolution of 25m. For each glacier, an individual parameterized function was computed representing the differences in glacier surface elevation with respect to the glaciers altitude within the 19792011 period.
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